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Ankylosing spondylitis (AS, from Greek ''ankylos'', crooked; ''spondylos'', vertebra; ''-itis'', inflammation), previously known as Bekhterev's disease and Marie-Strümpell disease, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton, with variable involvement of peripheral joints and nonarticular structures. AS is one of the seronegative spondyloarthropathies〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/ankylosing-spondylitis )〕 and has a strong genetic predisposition.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/ankylosing-spondylitis )〕 It mainly affects joints in the spine and the sacroiliac joint in the pelvis. In severe cases, complete fusion and rigidity of the spine can occur. "Bamboo spine" develops when the outer fibers of the fibrous ring of the Intervertebral discs ossify, which results in the formation of marginal syndesmophytes between adjoining vertebrae. ==Signs and symptoms== The signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis often appear gradually, with peak onset being between 20 and 30 years of age.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/ankylosing-spondylitis )〕 The initial symptoms are usually a chronic dull pain in the lower back or gluteal region combined with stiffness of the lower back. Individuals often experience pain and stiffness that awakens them in the early morning hours.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/ankylosing-spondylitis )〕 As the disease progresses, loss of spinal mobility and chest expansion, with limitation of anterior flexion, lateral flexion, and extension of the lumbar spine, are seen. Systemic features are common, with weight loss, fever, or fatigue often present.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/ankylosing-spondylitis )〕 Pain is often severe at rest, but improves with physical activity. However, many experience inflammation and pain to varying degrees regardless of rest and movement. AS can occur in any part of the spine or the entire spine, often with pain referred to one or the other buttock or the back of the thigh from the sacroiliac joint. Arthritis in the hips and shoulders may also occur. When the condition presents before the age of 18, it is relatively likely to cause pain and swelling of large limb joints, particularly the knee. In prepubescent cases, pain and swelling may also manifest in the ankles and feet, where heel spurs may also develop. Less commonly ectasia of the sacral nerve root sheaths may occur. About 40% of people with AS will also experience inflammation of the anterior chamber of the eye, causing eye pain, redness, floaters and sensitivity to light. This is thought to be due to the association that both AS and uveitis have with the inheritance of the HLA-B27 antigen. Inflammation of the prostate occurs with increased frequency in men. Cardiovascular involvement may include inflammation of the aorta, aortic valve insufficiency or disturbances of the heart's electrical conduction system. Lung involvement is characterized by progressive fibrosis of the upper portion of the lung. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ankylosing spondylitis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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